Background and Theoretical Foundations: The right to life is a fundamental and fundamental human right. Despite the idea that all human lives are equal under the law, the specific characteristics of the seafarers' profession indicate that they should be given more attention and protection. In recent years, issues related to seafarers' welfare have been addressed in the Maritime Labour Convention, which came into force in 2013. However, the right to life of seafarers from a behavioral perspective must be also given fundamental attention. The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea or SOLAS is an international treaty that aims to determine minimum standards for the construction, equipment, and operation of ships regarding their safety to ensure the safety of life at sea. This convention has been supplemented over time-based on human necessity and need, and several versions have been developed and adopted. The current version of the SOLAS Convention was adopted in 1974 and entered into force on May 25, 1980. Methodology: In this study, using a descriptive-analytical method, the study of the desirable governance of Iranian naval vessels in protecting the right to life of individuals was examined based on treaties and customary laws governing the protection of human life at sea. We assume that Iranian military vessels are obliged to protect human life at sea and provide assistance and rescue based on the laws of the Iranian Civil Code. In addition to Iranian laws, the right to life is one of the rights protected in human rights and customary international law and relevant conventions in protecting human life and ensuring that governments accept responsibility in this regard. Findings: The law of the sea and maritime conventions impose a long-standing duty on States Parties to rescue persons in distress, which is one of the most important instruments in maintaining the safety of life at sea, and States are the guarantors of these norms. The public order of the oceans, including the protection of human rights for all people, is the collective responsibility of the international community, especially States Parties. It is primarily States that are responsible for the implementation of human rights, including the right to life of persons at sea, and secondly, flag States, coastal States, and port States all have a legal and moral responsibility for the right to life of persons at sea under the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, based on humanitarian principles. Conclusion: The right to life is considered a fundamental right of every human being, which has been repeatedly emphasized in human rights declarations and conventions. It is essential that military and commercial seafarers, as part of human society, be protected from the dangerous factors that threaten this right, both at sea and in ports, from a normative, structural, and behavioral perspective. The duty to protect human life is included in international customs and treaties as one of the most fundamental legal principles at the national and international levels, and governments are obliged to carry out search and rescue operations in order to save the lives of seafarers at sea based on these regulations. The SOLAS Convention is the most important international maritime treaty on increasing the safety of life in shipping, the initial version of which was drafted in 1914 after the Titanic incident and the final version in 1374. This treaty has been supplemented over time and several versions of it have been drafted and ratified. This convention contains legal principles governing ship construction - sub-assemblies and balance, machinery, and installations, protection, fire detection and suppression, life-saving appliances and equipment, radio communications, safety of navigation, carriage of dangerous goods, status of nuclear ships, management of safe operation of ships, safety measures for high-speed craft, special measures to enhance maritime safety, additional measures for bulk carriers, certification of competency, safety measures for operation of ships in polar waters. Therefore, ships must carry appropriate life-saving appliances including lifeboats, life rafts, life jackets, life rafts, and many others to be used by passengers and crew in emergencies to protect their lives at sea. Carrying life-saving appliances is mandatory under the SOLAS Convention.

The provision of the ways and means for check and balance on the behavior of the authorities and the people's welcoming of command for good and forbid of wrong in connection with the government managers and employees would guarantee the health and duration of the Islamic Republic of Iran and would facilitate their serving the people, dutifulness, efficiency, and further dynamism. It would also prevent the profiteers, and the infiltration of the enemies and the corrupt elements into the government. Furthermore, it would hold in check the grounds for the occurrence of any deviation. The present article also engages with the notion of standing up for the truth and the nature of the Islamic government and the related matters from Ali's perspective. Further down the road the position, impact and the proper procedure of command for good and forbid of wrong along with an account of its fruits and practical effectiveness through relying on Ali's words are also presented. Among the issues discussed in the present article are the value of public control on government administrators in the executive, judiciary, and legislative branches, the necessity of accountability to the nation, the significance of the authorities' response to criticism and providing the ways and means for public control.

In this research, an attempt was made to examine the most basic requirements of good governance. The health of governance is considered very important and necessary for all societies. Governments are trying to present a favorable image by observing some factors of efficient governance. Therefore, in the literature of global governance, optimal governance is analyzed and even through international assemblies, the indicators of optimal governance of countries are measured. Practically and theoretically, good governance has been emphasized a lot in religious teachings. One of the most sublime teachings of good governance is the recommendations of Amir al-Mu'minin Ali (a.s.) to Malik Ashtar. If in local and provincial governance, while paying attention to the different requirements of the context of each province compared to other provinces, policy-making processes and desirable actions are carried out with a strategic view in line with national governance policies, the path of sustainable national development will definitely be smoother. In this research, an effort has been made to obtain the dimensions and indicators of desirable governance through a detailed study of the 53rd letter of Nahj al-Balagheh. This research is of applied type and has been done with qualitative method and Pedam's meta-discourse analysis. In this research, important dimensions such as the transparency of the governance environment at the national and provincial levels, meritocracy, attention to the public interest and subjects, and the fight against structural corruption and the phenomenon of influence have been identified as the basis of good governance.

The purpose of this study is to "enumerate the methods of managerial empowerment and command of part-time undergraduate students in a military university". The type of research in terms of applied nature and research method is descriptive survey and for data analysis and quantitative method has been done using descriptive and inferential statistics. The statistical population included all commanders, professors, experts and researchers and in order to purposefully select features, 119 people were identified and 80 people were randomly selected using Cochran's formula. The researcher-made questionnaire was distributed among them and after collecting it was analyzed using SPSS software. To obtain validity, the questionnaire was distributed among 15 experts and after obtaining their opinion and calculating the lavche coefficient of about / 9 was counted. The reliability of this study using Cronbach's alpha formula is 0.97. The results show that the components of general and specialized knowledge, religious and revolutionary and the talented educational environment of the university have been effective in managerial, command, religious, moral, and behavioral empowerment.

Field and Aims: One of the constant concerns of jurists from the past until now has been to establish an impartial and fair authority to match the actions and decisions of governmental and non-governmental institutions and authorities with the law and apply the rule of law to the above-mentioned institutions and authorities, so that it can at the same time Monitoring the decision-making process of governmental and non-governmental institutions and authorities to ensure the accuracy and validity of the aforementioned decisions and actions. Method: The present research was carried out using a descriptive-analytical method. Finding and Conclusion: Islamic city and village councils, as a non-governmental public institution, establish actions and decisions in relation to voters that may affect their rights and freedoms. Therefore, there is a possibility of abuse of powers and in other words encroachment on public and national interests by some members or city and village Islamic councils. The Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran, in the 155th and 166th Principles, determines the limits of the competences of the aforementioned institution and demands the conformity of the councils' approvals with the standards of Islam and the laws of the country. Finally, it has specified the liquidation in general. The following article aims to examine the performance and duties of the dispute resolution and complaint handling committees of the Islamic councils. The claim of the present research is that strengthening the supervision of members through judicial authorities, resolving legal ambiguities, and preparing and approving the procedure for dealing with violations are important solutions to improve the supervision of the actions and performance of members of Islamic councils.

The theory of prima facie duties was developed by W.D.Ross. The main characteristic of this theory is that it does not recognize any principles as the base of ethics and basically it does not believe in any ordered list of moral principles. In other words, according to this theory one can do something if and only if there is an appropriate basis for doing that thing. The author first disproves some theories in which a principle or some principles are considered basic. Then he describes this theory as that in it we first face prima facie duties and then come to balance them and reach to appropriate duties. In the end, the author points to the objections to this theory.

The effect of gibberelic acid (GA3) and ethanol on the postharvest quality and vase life of gerbera cut flowers was investigated. Freshly cut flower stems of gerbera cultivar ‘good timing’, were put in vases containing zero, 50, 100, 150, 200 or 300 mgL-1 GA3 for 48 hr and then held in vases containing 2.5 percent ethanol and three percent sucrose in two methods. In the first method, the vase solutions were not replaced but in the second method, the vase solutions replaced and refreshed when solution uptake was measured. The vase was placed in chambers at 25 oC and relative humidity about 70 percent with 14 hr photoperiod that was maintained using fluorescent lamps (light intensity of 15 μmolm-2s-1). Data were recorded for vase life, fresh weight, solution uptake, membrane stability, total soluble solid over time and analyzed statistically. Results revealed that GA3 with 50 mgL-1 was the most effective treatments for vase life, fresh weight, solution uptake, membrane stability and total soluble solid of gerbera cut flowers. Also results show that application of ethanol in second method (refreshing) was better than application in the first method as constant vase solution.

From view point of some shia jurisprudents in the absence of the immaculate Imam, nobody have the right to enforce the Islamic law like Hudud. This paper tries to explain that in the absence of immaculate Imam, if an illegitimate government took over the Islamic society, they had the same rights and duties of legitimate government. For instance, they should do their best to conduct Islamic law and they are allowed to collect the task and spend it in favour of society.

Laboratory trials were carried out to investigate the effect of benzyladenine (BA) on the postharvest quality and vase life of gerbera cut-flowers. Freshly cut flower stems of gerbera cultivar ‘good Timing’, with four outer disc florets open were put in flower vases containing 0, 10, 25, 50, 100 or 150 mgl -1 of BA for 48 h and then held in flower vases containing 2.5% ethanol and 3% sucrose for 2 methods. The vase was placed in chambers at 25°C and relative humidity about 70%. The treatments were arranged in a Completely Randomized Design with three replicates. Data were recorded for vase life, fresh weight, solution uptake, membrane stability, total soluble solid over time and analyzed statistically. Results revealed that BA with 50 mg L-1 was the most effective treatments on vase life, fresh weight, solution uptake, membrane stability and total soluble solid of gerbera cut flowers.